Yuav ua li cas yog titanium phaj Plastic tsim? Daim Ntawv Qhia Ua tiav rau Kev Tsim Khoom

Txawm hais tias koj tab tom tsim cov khoom siv dav hlau, sib sib zog nqus- cov hlab ntsha hauv hiav txwv, cov khoom siv kho mob, lossis cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws, titanium thiab titanium alloys tau dhau los ua cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb engineering. Txij li thaum titanium nkag mus rau kev lag luam ntau lawm hauv nruab nrab- xyoo pua 20th, titanium phaj tsim thiab titanium phaj ua cov thev naus laus zis tau ua tiav tsis tu ncua rau ntau tshaj rau xyoo lawm. Ua tsaug rau lawv qhov tshwj xeeb lub zog- rau- qhov hnyav piv, zoo heev corrosion kuj, thiab zoo heev biocompatibility, titanium cov ntaub ntawv yog tam sim no indispensable rau high-kev ua tau zoo daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev lag luam.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tab tom uatitanium phajlos yog titanium alloys, koj yuav pom sai sai tias lawv nyuaj rau tsim dua li cov pa hlau xws li hlau, tooj liab, lossis txhuas. Lawv qhov tshwj xeeb lub cev thiab cov khoom siv hlau ua rau cov yas deformation nyuaj dua. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo- los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim thiab kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias kom txo qis thiab tswj kev deformation- cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov zoo, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab ntev- lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom tiav.

Yas deformation yog tus txheej txheem ntawm mus tas li hloov cov duab ntawm cov khoom titanium los ntawm kev siv lub zog sab nraud. Thaum lub sij hawm ua titanium phaj, cov txheej txheem no ua haujlwm ob lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb:

• Ua cov titanium daim hlau nrog cov qhov ntev meej thiab nruj thickness kam rau ua.
• Txhim kho cov khoom siv microstructure los ntawm kev rov qab thiab dynamic recrystallization, ua rau cov khoom siv kho kom zoo dua qub.

Tsis zoo li cov pa hlau, cov cwj pwm deformation ntawm titanium feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm peb yam tseem ceeb.

1. Kev Nyuaj Siab-Txoj Kev Tswjhwm

Raws li deformation nce, titanium undergoes ceev ua hauj lwm hardening. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo tswj dov txo thiab deformation tus nqi kom tiv thaiv kev tawg, tsis sib xws deformation, thiab kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau.

2. Kub rhiab heev

Qhov kub thiab txias yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim titanium phaj.

Deformation kuj, theem transformation, grain refinement, thiab lub kawg txhua yam khoom yog nyob ntawm kev tswj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau hauv lub manufacturing txheej txheem.

3. Kev sib txhuam ntawm cov yob thiab cov titanium phaj

Kev sib txhuam coefficient ntawm dov yob thiab titanium phaj ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau:

• Nto tiav
• Thickness sib xws
• Phaj flatness
• Rolling quab yuam

Kev lubrication kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj xyuas cov kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab cov khoom zoo sib xws.

Piv nrog rau cov khoom siv engineering, titanium muaj ntau yam tshwj xeeb uas ua rau titanium ua haujlwm nyuaj dua.

Siab Deformation Resistance

Txawm hais tias titanium's elastic modulus tsuas yog kwv yees li 55% ntawm cov hlau, nws txoj haujlwm - hardening tus nqi ntau dua. Thaum lub sij hawm dov, titanium ua hauj lwm sai heev - hardens, nce deformation kuj thiab yuav tsum tau ntau dua dov rog.

Narrow Processing Temperature Window

Ntshiab titanium tau hloov pauv mus rau theem ntawm kwv yees li 882 degree.

Rau ntau cov titanium alloys, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Qib 5 Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V), qhov chaw ua haujlwm + theem yog txwv rau kwv yees li 100 degree. Txawm tias qhov ntsuas kub me me tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov kawg microstructure thiab txhua yam khoom.

Ceev Oxidation ntawm qhov kub siab

Thaum titanium yog cua sov tshaj li ntawm 600 degree, oxidation nrawm nrawm, tsim cov txheej txheej tawv tawv hu ua alpha case. Cov txheej no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau saum npoo, ductility, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo.

Muaj zog Affinity rau Oxygen, Nitrogen, thiab Hydrogen

Ntawm qhov kub siab, titanium tau yooj yim absorbs interstitial ntsiab xws li oxygen, nitrogen, thiab hydrogen. Yog tias tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo, cov kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau embrittlement, txo ductility, thiab ua rau lub neej ua haujlwm luv.

Vim cov yam ntxwv no, titanium manufacturing tsis tuaj yeem tsuas yog siv cov pa hlau los yog txhuas ua txoj kev. Txhua theem ntau lawm yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb cov txheej txheem tswj thiab ua tib zoo optimized tsis.

 

Cov qib sib txawv titanium xav tau cov tswv yim tsim khoom sib txawv.

Tsis zoo li cov pa steel phaj ntau lawm, titanium phaj tsim yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tshwj xeeb. Txhua theem -los ntawm kev npaj billet mus rau qhov kawg kawg - cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov phaj tiav.

Kauj Ruam 1: Npaj Billet

Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom pib nrog siab - zoo titanium ingots.

Lub metallurgical zoo ntawm billet thaum kawg txiav txim siab cov khoom siv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov phaj titanium tiav.

Feem ntau hwm titanium billets yog tsim siv:

• Nqus Arc Remelting (VAR)
• Electron Beam Melting (EB)

Cov txheej txheem melting siab heev pab xyuas kom meej:

• Uniform tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
• Tsawg impurity theem
• Internal kev ncaj ncees zoo heev

Ua ntej cua sov, yam tsawg kawg yog 3 hli ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau machined tawm ntawm lub billet nto kom tshem tawm qhov tsis xws luag xws li segregation, shrinkage kab noj hniav, inclusions, thiab nto tawg.

Hom kub-rolling billets muaj cov nram qab no qhov ntev:

• Thickness: 150-300 hli
• Dav: Mus txog 1200 mm

Cov qhov ntev no muab cov deformation txaus thaum tseem sib xws nrog cov dov mills niaj hnub.

Kauj Ruam 2: Ua kom sov ua ntej dov

Cua sov yog ib qho ntawm cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim cov titanium phaj, vim nws muaj kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kawg microstructure.

Cov cua kub kub yuav tsum tau xaiv ib txwm raws li cov alloy's beta transus kub.

• Rau Qib 2 Titanium Phaj, cov cua kub kub ib txwm muaj xws li:850-880 degree
• Rau Qib 5 Titanium Phaj (Ti-6Al-4V), qhov pom zoo cua sov yog:920-980 degree

Qhov ntsuas kub no muab cov ductility txaus rau deformation thaum txo qis kev loj hlob ntau dhau ntawm beta transus.

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm cua sov txoj kev yog nyob ntawm qhov ntim ntau lawm.

Cov khoom siv me me feem ntau yog cua sov hauv lub thawv ua kom sov, thaum siab - ntim ntau lawm feem ntau siv cov cua kub induction uas muaj peev xwm ua kom cua sov tshaj 50℃ib feeb.

Txhawm rau txo qis oxidation thiab paug paug thaum cua sov, kev tiv thaiv tsim nyog yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Cov kev tiv thaiv muaj xws li:

• Argon tiv thaiv
• Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv
• Tswj cua sov cua cua

Yog tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv txaus, cov pa oxygen tuaj yeem tawm mus rau hauv titanium nto thiab tsim cov ntaub ntawv alpha, uas yuav tsum tau siv tshuab ntxiv rau kev tshem tawm thiab nce nqi ntau lawm.

Kauj Ruam 3: Kub Rolling

Kub dov yog theem tseem ceeb ntawm titanium phaj ua.

Nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog kom txo cov pob zeb tuab thaum tib lub sijhawm ua kom cov txheej txheem nplej los ntawm dynamic recrystallization.

Yuav kom ua tiav cov phaj zoo sib xws, ntau lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau ua raws.

• Pib Rolling Kub

Rolling feem ntau pib me ntsis hauv qab ntawm beta transus kub.

Qhov kub no muab cov yas kom txaus thaum txhawb nqa cov recrystallization tas li thaum deformation.

• Rolling Reduction Schedule

Lub sijhawm txo qis yuav tsum maj mam txo mus thoob plaws hauv cov txheej txheem dov.

Thawj Pass:

Qhov kev txo qis hauv ib kis yuav tsum tau khaws cia qis dua 30%.

Lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov tsis xws luag thiab rhuav tshem cov ntxhib li -cast microstructure.

Intermediate Passes:

Qhov kev txo qis yog feem ntau khaws cia ntawm 15% thiab 25%.

Qhov no txhawb nqa kev deformation thoob plaws tag nrho cov tuab ntawm cov phaj.

• Kev ntsuas kub tiav

Qhov kawg dov kub yuav tsum tsis txhob qis dua 800℃los tiv thaiv nto tawg los ntawm qis -kub dov.

Niaj hnub rolling mills nruab nrog Tsis Siv Neeg Gauge Control (AGC) cov tshuab tuaj yeem ua tiav cov tuab tuab ntawm kwv yees li ± 0.05 hli, ua kom muaj qhov zoo sib xws thoob plaws hauv lub phaj.

Kauj Ruam 4: Sov Rolling

Cov dov sov tau dhau los ua nrov rau kev tsim khoom siab -kev ua tau zoo titanium daim hlau.

Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau ua haujlwm hauv qhov kub thiab txias ntawm:

400℃rau 600 degree

Nws muab ntau yam zoo ntawm ob qho tib si kub dov thiab txias dov.

Piv nrog rau txias dov, sov dov tuaj yeem txo qhov deformation tsis kam los ntawm kwv yees li 40-60%, txo qis cov khoom siv thauj khoom thiab ncua kev pabcuam yob lub neej.

Lwm qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb suav nrog:

• Tsawg qhov nruab nrab annealing cycles
• Ntau lawm efficiency
• Tsawg tus nqi tsim khoom
• Txo oxidation

Qhov saum npoo oxide nplai tsim thaum lub sij hawm sov dov yog feem ntau tsuas yog 0.5-2 μm tuab, ua rau tom qab pickling yooj yim dua thaum txo cov khoom poob.

Txhawm rau kom muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov dav ntawm tag nrho cov phaj dav, cov kab rolling sov feem ntau yog nruab nrog cov rooj sib tham thiab cov ntaub ntawv thermal rwb thaiv tsev.

Kauj Ruam 5: Txias Rolling

Txias dov yog qhov kawg deformation theem uas txiav txim siab qhov tseeb qhov tseeb, flatness, thiab nto zoo ntawm cov phaj tiav.

Thaum lub caij txias dov, kev tswj cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb heev.

Rau feem ntau qib titanium, qhov kev txo qis ntawm ib qho dhau los yuav tsum nyob qis dua 15% kom txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntug kev tawg.

Kev txo qis tag nrho yog nyob ntawm qib titanium tshwj xeeb.

Cov txiaj ntsig zoo xws li:

• Kev lag luam Pure Titanium: 40-60%
• Qib 5 Titanium Alloy: 20-40%

Vim tias titanium ua haujlwm nrawm nrawm, qhov nruab nrab annealing yog ib txwm xav tau.

Pom zoo annealing kub yog:

• Kev lag luam Ntshiab Titanium: 650-750 degree
• Titanium alloy: 700-800 degree

Tuav lub sij hawm feem ntau yog li ntawm 1 mus rau 2 teev, tso cai rau cov kev ntxhov siab uas nyob rau hauv qhov kev ntxhov siab thaum rov ua kom cov ductility rov qab rau qhov kev sib tw tom ntej.

Rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov chaw zoo-xws li kev cog ntoo kho mob lossis cov khoom siv kho qhov muag kom raug- cov txheej txheem ua tiav ntxiv, suav nrog kev sib tsoo ntub dej thiab polishing, kua qaub pickling, thiab sandblasting. tuaj yeem siv los ua kom tiav qhov roughness qhov tseem ceeb tsawg li Ra Less dua lossis sib npaug li 0.8 μm.

Kev tsim cov qib siab - zoo titanium daim hlau tsis yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm kev ua raws li cov txheej txheem dov. Cov khoom lag luam zoo ib yam nyob ntawm kev tswj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias, deformation, lubrication, thiab cua txias thoob plaws tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.

1. Ua kom zoo rau lub sijhawm cua sov thiab cua txias

Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias muaj ib qho kev cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws ntawm qhov kawg microstructure thiab txhua yam khoom ntawm titanium.

Ua ntej pib tsim khoom, qhov tseeb beta transus kub rau txhua batch ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau txiav txim thaum twg los tau los ntawm metallographic tsom xam los yog txawv thermal tsom xam. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias lub sijhawm cua sov yog optimized rau qhov tshwj xeeb alloy muaj pes tsawg leeg es tsis txhob cia siab rau cov nqi nominal.

Rau cov phaj titanium tuab, ib kauj ruam -los ntawm- kauj ruam cua sov profile yog pom zoo kom txo qis hauv qhov kub thiab txias gradients thiab txo cov thermal stresses.

Tom qab kub dov, txias ceev yog feem ntau siv los txo cov qoob loo ntau dhau. Cov dej pos huab cua txias nrog cov cua txias tshaj 50℃/ s tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua microstructure thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo.

Kev tswj xyuas qhov ntsuas kub kom raug yog qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug. Cov cua sov ua haujlwm yuav tsum ua kom tiav qhov ntsuas qhov tseeb hauv ± 5℃thoob plaws lub voj voog cua sov.

2. Txhim kho Rolling txo Distribution

Ib lub sijhawm zoo-tsim dov lub sijhawm txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tseeb thiab cov khoom siv.

Ib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog siv qhov kev txo qis dua thaum lub sij hawm dov thaum ntxov thiab maj mam txo qhov deformation tus nqi thaum lub sij hawm ua tiav.

Ib qho kev txo qis ib txwm muaj xws li:

• Descaling thiab tawg theem: Txo ntau dua 25% kom tshem tawm cov txheej txheej tawv tawv thiab tshem tawm qhov tsis xws luag.
• Nruab nrab dov theem: Kev txo qis ntawm 15% thiab 20% kom ntseeg tau tias qhov sib txawv ntawm cov phaj tuab.
• Ua tiav dov theem: Txo qis dua 10% txhawm rau txhim kho flatness, thickness raug, thiab nto zoo.

Thaum lub sij hawm txias dov, tag nrho cov deformation yuav tsum nyob twj ywm hauv qab ntawm qhov tseem ceeb recrystallization txwv kom muaj zog txhua yam khoom.

3. Tswj Lubrication thiab Roll Cooling

Lubrication ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau dov quab yuam, nto tiav, thiab khoom siv lub neej.

Rau kev kub dov, graphite-raws li lubricants sib xyaw nrog cov roj ntxhia hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kwv yees li 5-10% feem ntau yog siv los txo kev sib txhuam thiab tiv thaiv yob nplaum.

Thaum lub sij hawm txias dov, ultra- nplua emulsion lubricants nrog concentration ntawm 3% thiab 5% muab lubrication zoo thaum tuav lub phaj huv si.

Rolling txias yog qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug.

Niaj hnub nimno dov mills feem ntau siv segmented cua txias tshuab kom tswj qhov kub sib txawv ntawm qhov yob nto hauv qab 20 degree. Qhov ntsuas kub ruaj khov txo qis thermal crown variation thiab pab tswj cov phaj flatness zoo heev.

Raws li aerospace, kev kho mob thev naus laus zis, hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab, thiab kev tsim khoom lag luam qib siab txuas ntxiv nthuav dav, qhov kev thov siab dua -titanium daim hlau ua haujlwm tau nce sai. Txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau hloov pauv no, cov tuam txhab lag luam tau nqis peev hauv cov khoom siv ntse dua, ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab ntau dua kev tsim khoom siv thev naus laus zis.

1. Ze ntawm -Net Shape Manufacturing

Ze ntawm -net shape processing txo tus nqi ntawm machining xav tau tom qab dov.

Los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke nrog kev sib tw nrog kev kho cua sov hauv zos, cov tuam ntxhab tuaj yeem tsim cov titanium daim hlau uas nyob ze rau lawv qhov kawg qhov ntev. Txoj hauv kev no txhim kho kev siv cov khoom siv, txo lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, thiab txo cov nqi tsim khoom tag nrho.

2. Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom luv luv thiab ntau dua

Cov tsoos titanium phaj ntau lawm suav nrog ntau yam kev ywj pheej dov thiab kev kho cua sov theem.

Cov kab ntau lawm niaj hnub ua kom sib xyaw ua ke sov dov, txias dov, thiab kev kho cua sov rau hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tas mus li. Qhov no txhim kho kev tsim khoom, txo cov sij hawm txhuas, thiab txo qis kev siv zog tag nrho.

3. Kev tsim khoom ntse thiab cov txheej txheem digital tswj

Cov thev naus laus zis tau hloov pauv titanium kev tsim khoom.

Advanced dov mills tam sim no siv digital ntxaib thev naus laus zis, automated sensors, thiab tiag -lub sijhawm saib xyuas cov tshuab kom ua kom zoo dua qub:

• Rolling kub
• Rolling quab yuam
• Phaj thickness
• Phaj flatness
• Cov khoom siv xwm txheej

Cov kev tsim khoom ntse no txo ​​kev cia siab rau cov neeg siv kev paub dhau los thaum txhim kho qhov sib xws ntawm cov khoom tsim khoom.

4. Kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab ib puag ncig zoo

Cov kev cai ib puag ncig txuas ntxiv cuam tshuam rau kev tsim titanium thoob ntiaj teb.

Ntau tus neeg tsim khoom tab tom tsim cov thev naus laus zis ntau lawm, suav nrog:

• Fluoride-dawb pickling systems
• Qhuav dov lubrication technologies
• Khib cua sov rov qab systems
• Zog-cov cua sov ua kom zoo

Cov kev tsim kho tshiab no txo ​​qis emissions, txo kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab txhawb kev tsim cov titanium ntau dua.

Titanium phaj kev tsim khoom yog ntau tshaj li kev ua haujlwm yooj yim dov. Nws yog cov txheej txheem engineering nyuaj uas qhov kub, deformation, lubrication, thiab metallurgical tswj ua haujlwm ua ke los txiav txim siab cov khoom kawg.

Kev nkag siab txog yuav ua li cas cov kev sib txawv no cuam tshuam yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov titanium daim hlau nrog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws, qhov tseeb qhov tseeb, thiab zoo heev ntawm qhov chaw.

Seb koj puas tsimQib 2 titanium phajrau chemical processing equipment,Qib 5 titanium daim hlau (Ti-6Al-4V) rau aerospace cov qauv, los yog Qib 23 titanium phajrau kev kho mob cog, kev tswj cov txheej txheem meej yog lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom lag luam txhim khu kev qha.

Ntawm ZC Titanium, peb muab ze li ntawm 15 xyoo ntawm kev tsim cov titanium nrog cov khoom siv ntau lawm los muab siab - zoo titanium daim hlau, titanium tuav, titanium forgings, titanium fasteners, thiab kev cai titanium alloy khoom rau cov neeg muas zaub thoob ntiaj teb.